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In the present study Cystone proved very promising in 100 cases of
urinary tract infection seen during 14 weeks to full term of pregnancy.
Certain drugs are contraindicated in pregnancy. In such cases instead
of giving antibiotics or other drugs, we recommend the use of Cystone
tablets without hesitation. Cystone is safe, has no toxic or side-effects
and is well tolerated by all the patients. As judged from the time
taken for the patients to be complaint-free and also organism-free,
Cystone tablets proved very helpful and beneficial.
Urinary
tract complaints are quite common during pregnancy. The common complaints
are burning micturition, frequency of micturition, pyrexia of varying
degrees, pain or uneasiness in the lower abdomen, nausea and/or
vomiting and headache.
Ever
since Dodds showed in 1931 that bacteria were present in the urine
of about 11% of her pregnant patients and that E. coli occurred
twice as frequently as other organisms, there has been a debate
on the implications of these findings. Kase (1960) claimed that
there was a positive correlation between the finding of symptomatic
bacteriuria in early pregnancy and the later development of acute
pyelonephritis of pregnancy, and also with foetal loss especially
due to prematurity. Hence the management and treatment of urinary
tract infections during pregnancy is important, as well as difficult,
in the sense that most of the conventional antibiotics which are
used for urinary tract infections are either contraindicated or
need to be used with caution.
Cystone
(Himalaya) has been extensively reported in the management and treatment
of many urinary complaints, urinary tract infections and in urolithiasis,
with excellent results (Chatterjee, B.N. et al., 1982, Dandia,
S.D. et al., 1975, Garg, S.K. et al., 1985, Gupta,
P.D., et al., 1976, Pendse, A.K. et al., 1984, Prasad,
R.R. et al., 1970, Singh, P.P. et al., 1983, Tripathi,
K. et al., 1984, Trivedi, B.T. et al, 1974, Ghosal,
K.K. et al., 1980 and Saronwala, K.C. et al., 1973).
Cystone
has a marked and effective diuretic activity because of its high
content of natural mineral salts. It also exhibits urinary antiseptic
and antispasmodic properties. In general, it causes relaxation of
the smooth muscles. It also corrects the cystalloid-colloid imbalance
and possesses a remarkable property of disintegrating the gravel
or the calculi. Thus it relieves the pain and spasm caused by the
passage of the particles of calculi or the highly acidic urine.
Cystone is known to relax the detrusor muscles and act on the mucin
in the calculi that binds the particles together. It thereby allows
the disintegrating particles to escape with the flow of urine. Prolonged
use of Cystone does not alter the electrolyte balance. It is thus
very useful in urinary infections, crystalluria and other urinary
complaints.
Each Cystone
tablet contains:
|
Exts.
|
Didymocarpus pedicellata
|
65mg
|
| |
Saxifraga ligulata
|
49mg
|
| |
Rubia cordifolia
|
16mg
|
| |
Cyperus scariosus
|
16mg
|
| |
Achyranthes aspera
|
16mg
|
| |
Onosma bracteatum
|
16mg
|
| |
Vernonia cinerea
|
16mg
|
|
Shilajeet (purified)
|
13mg
|
|
Hajrul yahood bhasma
|
16mg
|
|
Processed in
Ocimum basilicum, Tribulus terrestris, Mimosa pudica, Dolichos
biflorus, Pavonia odorata, Equisetum arvense, Tectona grandis
seeds.
|
Impressed
and encouraged by the favourable results of Cystone in urinary tract
infections, we undertook a trial at our hospital to study its efficacy
in urinary tract infections during pregnancy. The findings were carefully
studied and analysed.
One
hundred cases of urinary tract infections during pregnancy attending
the OPD of the Kiriburu Hospital, or admitted indoors, were put
on Cystone therapy, 2 tablets t.i.d. till they became complaint-free,
and thereafter one tablet t.i.d. till the urine became free of pus
cells. Their pregnancies were confirmed by clinical examination
by the author, while the urinary tract infection was confirmed by
urine analysis and culture.
There
were 79 patients with gestation periods of 14 to 28 weeks, 11 patients
from 29 to 32 weeks and 10 patients from 33 weeks to term. Patients
in the first trimester with urinary tract infection were not included
in this study (See Table 1).
|
Table
1: Showing the periods of gestation
|
|
Period
of gestation
|
No.
of patients
|
Percentage
|
| 14
to 28 weeks |
79%
|
79%
|
| 29
to 32 weeks |
11
|
11%
|
| 33
weeks to term |
10
|
10%
|
|
Total
|
100
|
100%
|
Out
of 100 patients, 78 had pyrexia, 68 burning micturition, 68 frequency
of micturition, 54 pain in the abdomen, 18 backache and 12 nausea
and/or vomiting (See Table 2).
| Table 2: Showing
the complaints |
|
Complaints
|
No. of cases
|
Percentage
|
| Pyrexia |
78
|
78%
|
| Burning micturition |
68
|
68%
|
| Frequency of micturition |
68
|
68%
|
| Pain in lower abdomen |
54
|
54%
|
| Backache |
18
|
18%
|
|
Nausea and/or vomiting
|
12
|
12%
|
|
Total no. of patients
|
100
|
298
|
On
urine analysis, 11 patients showed numerous pus cells on high power
(++++), 59 many pus cells (+++), 20 quite a few (++), 6 showed a
few (+) and 4 patients showed only few pus cells. Red blood cells
were seen from a few to many in 73 patients and no red blood cells
in 27 patients. Twenty three patients showed calcium oxalate crystals,
while eleven had uric acid crystals. Phosphate crystals were not
found in any patients.
Urinary
culture revealed that 89 patients harboured E. coli and the
remaining 11 Staphylococcus albus.
The
100 cases were divided into three Groups A, B and C.
|
Group
A:
|
40
patients were given Cystone, 2 tablets t.i.d. till the
infection was cleared.
|
|
Group
B:
|
30
patients were given Cystone, 2 tablets t.i.d. along with
Ampicillin, 250mg 6 hourly for 7 days.
|
|
Group
C:
|
30
patients were given Cystone, 2 tablets t.i.d. along with
alkaline mixture and Tincture Hyoscyamus, 2 teaspoonfuls
t.i.d.
|
From
Table 3 it is apparent that Cystone alone, given to Group A patients,
produced fairly good results compared to those in Group B (Cystone
+ Ampicillin). Only in 3 cases, where the response was poor, we
had to add Ampicillin for better results.
|
Table
3: Showing the results
|
|
Groups
|
No.
of cases
|
Good
response
|
Moderate
response
|
Poor
response
|
Group
A
(Cystone alone) |
40
|
30
|
7
|
3
|
Group
B
(Cystone + Ampicillin) |
30
|
24
|
6
|
0
|
Group
C
Cystone + alkaline mixture) |
30
|
26
|
3
|
1
|
|
Total
|
100
|
80
|
16
|
4
|
Even
in Group C, where Cystone was used along with an alkaline mixture
and Tincture Hyoscyamus, the results were excellent in 26 cases
and moderate in 3 (See Table 3).
The
results were classified as Good, Moderate or Poor according to certain
criteria:
|
Good:
|
When
the patient became complaint–free within two weeks
of starting treatment and there was appreciable reduction
in the number of pus cells per high power focus, within
two weeks of treatment.
|
|
Moderate:
|
When
the patients became complaint–free within a month
of starting treatment, but took more than two weeks to
be complaint–free and there was appreciable reduction
in the number of pus cells after only two weeks, but before
one month.
|
|
Poor:
|
When
there was no improvement either in the urine analysis
or the patient did not become complaint–free even
after one month of treatment.
|
Forty
patients could be followed up till delivery. There were no abnormalities
in any of the babies born. No patients reported any side–effects
or toxicity.
|
Table
4: Showing the number of complaint-free and organism-free
patients
|
|
Group
|
Within
1 week
|
1-2
weeks
|
2-3
weeks
|
3-4weeks
|
Within
4 weeks
|
| Complaint-
free patients |
A
|
29
|
1
|
5
|
2
|
3
|
|
B
|
18
|
6
|
4
|
2
|
Nil
|
|
C
|
12
|
14
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
| Organism-free
patients |
A
|
21
|
10
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
|
B
|
15
|
6
|
8
|
1
|
Nil
|
|
C
|
15
|
6
|
5
|
3
|
1
|
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-
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I.M.S., "The Preventive Action of Cystone in Oxamide-induced
Urolithiasis and Histochemical Changes in the Urinary Tract–An
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-
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-
Ghosal, K.K., F.R.C.S., Ghose (Mrs.)
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-
Saronwalla, K.C., M.S., Rai, Sotantar,
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-
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-
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-
Singh, P.P., M.Sc., Ph.D., Singh, N.B.,
M.B.B.S., M.S. and Singh, L.B.K., M.Sc., Ph.D.,
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Oxalic Acid and Uric Acid in Stone-formers", Antiseptic
(1983): 5, 234.
-
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Products) in Urinary Calculus Disease", Probe (1984):
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-
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Vinita, M.S., Gochar, B.L., M.B.B.S. and Pendse,
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on its Excretion", Asian Med. J. (1985): 28, 261.
-
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-
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(1974): 3, 134.
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