Glossary

Acidity
increase in the acid content of stomach; a sign of indigestion

Adjuvant
is used to add in the action of another drug

Adrenergic
term applied to sympathetic nerves which liberate adrenaline and noradrenaline from their terminations

Alopecia
baldness, loss of hair, a natural or abnormal condition

Amenorrhea
suppression or absence of menstruation

Analgesic
agent that relieves or reduces pain

Anemia
decreased oxygen carrying capacity of blood, decrease hemoglobin content of blood

Angina
sense of suffocation or constriction

Antacids
agents, which neutralize excessive acidity in the stomach

Anthelmintic
agents, which destroy or expel intestinal worms (e.g. Vidanga, Male fern root, Chenopodium)

Antidiabetic
medicine preventing or overcoming diabetes by lowering blood sugar

Antidysenteric
medicine given against dysentery

Antiemetic
which prevents or lessens the tendency to vomit

Antiseptics
inhibits or retards or prevents the growth and reproduction or arrests the development of bacteria or other microorganisms on the surface of body or in vitro

Antitussive
any measures which suppress cough

Arrhythmias
any deviation from the normal rhythm of the heart

Arteriosclerosis
degenerative arterial change

Arthralgia
pain in a joint, especially when there is no inflammation

Arthritis
inflammation of joints

Astringent
an agent, which contract tissues and checks secretions, allay inflammations, acts as styptic (stops capillary blood flow), stimulates epithelial growth locally, acts as antiseptic and protective

Astringent
an agent, which contracts organic tissue, thus lessening secretion

Cardiac
pertaining to the heart

Carminative
having the power to relieve flatulence and associated colic

Cervicitis
inflammation of the cervix

Cholinergic
applied to parasympathetic nerves, which liberate acetylcholine at their terminations

Cirrhosis
degenerative changes in the liver which results in fibrosis

Coitus
the act of sexual intercourse; copulation

Colic
pain due to contraction of smooth muscles in the walls of intestines or genitourinary system

Conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva

Crystalluria
excretion of crystals in the urine

Cystitis
inflammation of the urinary bladder

Demulcent
soothes, softens, relaxes and protects mucus surfaces to which applied from irritation

Dermatitis
inflammation of the skin

Diabetes
a metabolic disorder characterized by excessive elimination of urine

Diarrhea
gastrointestinal disease resulting in the increased frequency or fluidity of stool

Diuresis
increased secretion of urine

Diuretic
induces or stimulates flow of urine, increases urinary output

Dysentery
bacterial or protozoal infections in mucous membrane of intestine, leading to blood or mucus in stool

Dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation

Dyspepsia
indigestion

Dysuria
difficult or painful urination

Edema
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissue spaces

Emollient
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissue spaces

Epilepsy
a nervous disorder with convulsions

Epistaxis
bleeding from the nose

Etiology
a science dealing with the causation of disease

Expectorant
a drug, which promotes or increases the elimination of sputum from the respiratory tract by coughing

Geriatric
branch of medical science dealing with old age and its diseases

Gout
painful inflammation of joints and excessive amount of uric acid in the blood

Hematinic
any substance, which is required for the production of red blood cells and its constituents

Hematuria
blood in the urine

Hemoptysis
the coughing up of blood

Hemorrhoids
varicosity of the veins around the anus

Hemostasis
arrest of bleeding

Hemorrhage
bleeding

Hepatitis
inflammation of the liver

Hyperlipidemia
excessive fat in the blood

Impotence
inability to engage in sexual intercourse

Incontinence
inability to control the evacuation of urine or feces

Lactation
formation and secretion of milk

Laxative
mild purgative, having the action of loosening the bowels

Leukorrhea
a sticky, whitish vaginal discharge

Libido
the urge to obtain sexual satisfaction

Lipotrophic
factors which cause the removal of fat from the liver by transmethylation

Lochia
discharge after childbirth

Menarche
the onset of menstrual periods

Menopause
the cessation of menstruation

Menorrhagia
an excessive regular menstrual flow

Micturition
the act of passing urine

Mucolysis
dissolution of mucus

Myelocytes
bone marrow cells from which leucocytes develop

Nausea
causes sensation of sickness of stomach, which may or may not proceed to emesis

Nervine
an agent the increases nerve strength

Phagocytosis
the engulfment by phagocytes of foreign or other particles

Pheochromocytoma
a condition in which there is a tumour of the adrenal medulla or of the structurally similar tissues associated with the sympathetic chain

Piles
enlarged or dilated blood vessels or veins in swollen tissues of the anal canal

Purgative
agent , which causes evacuation of the bowels

Pustule
a small inflammatory swelling containing pus

Retinopathy
disease condition of retina

Rheumatism
a general term used for disease of muscle, joint, bone resulting in discomfort

Rubefacient
substances, which when applied to the skin, cause redness

Sciatica
pain in the line of distribution of the sciatic nerve (buttock, back of thigh, calf and foot)

Spermatorrhea
involuntary discharge of semen without orgasm

Styptic
an astringent applied to stop bleeding

Thromboembolic
the phenomenon whereby a thrombus or clot detaches itself and is carried to another part of the body in the blood stream to block a blood vessel there

Thyrotoxicosis
a condition due to excessive production of thyroxine

Tonic
improves or increase general bodily tone and vitality; restoring strength and energy

Vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina

Varicose veins
dilated veins, the valves of which become incompetent so that blood flow may be reversed

Vasodilation
widening of the lumen of blood vessels